What Went Wrong in the Twentieth Century

What Went Wrong in the Twentieth Century

Twentieth Century Urbanization in Bangladesh and a Spell of High and Unsustainable Urban Growth

Bangladesh is still a low urbanized country although it experienced a rising trend in the level of urbanization throughout the twentieth century and had a remarkably high urban growth immediately after its independence in 1971. The country recorded the highest ever annual average growth rate (9.04) and percentage of interval variation (137.57%) in an urban population in 1974; thereafter, growth...

Muslim Intellectuals and the Perennial Philosophy in the Twentieth Century

This paper will examine how Muslim intellectuals, as a result of their attachment to the doctrine of Divine Unity (taw¤hīd), the Quran, Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad, and the doctrines and methods of Sufism, were largely responsible for the restating of the perennial philosophy in the West in the twentieth century. The article consists of four sections: an introduction to the term 'philosophia...

Rapithwin, the Demon of winter and Baba Barfi An Archetypal Battle of Survival and Transformation In Iranian Children’s Literature of the Twentieth Century

Mythological and folkloric heritages of nations have often been credited with exclusively distinct identities within the realms of literary criticism. Arguing that in a nation like Iran, the firmly visible borders that have conventionally defined mythology in disparity from folklore have been disturbed, this paper considers these two entities as intertwined and their accentuated differe...

The Role of the German Researchers in the Formation of Islamic Art Studies

In the beginning of the nineteenth century, with the increasing interest of the Europeans in the culture of the East, the first articles on the Islamic art and culture were appeared in German-speaking countries. In the mid nineteenth century, some entries in German encyclopedias were devoted to Islamic art, and from the end of the century, the first monographs on Islamic architecture and orname...